The unique properties of lithium metal allow it to be used in various applications. Lithium has an atomic number of 3 and an atomic weight of 6.941. It is slightly harder than sodium, but softer than lead, and is extremely light with a density of 0.531 g/cm3, or about half that of water. The wide range between the melting point of 180.5°C and the boiling point of 1336°C along with its excellent heat capacity makes lithium a good medium for heat sink or heat transfer applications. Lithium is also a strong reducing agent and reacts readily even with weak oxidizers--reacting with nitrogen at ambient temperature. Even though lithium is a powerful reducing agent in many reactions, it is less reactive than the other elements in the alkali metals group.
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